Speaking Different Languages

Speaking the Users' Languages

interests, or preferences, or that takes account of previous exchanges between the user and the system. For that to happen, the information must be stored in a different, nontextual fashion and turned into a spoken or written message in the user’s language when needed. This generation process can take into account the context and the user’s linguistic and personal preferences so that it looks t...

Speaking about Transitive Frames in Propositional Languages

This paper is a comparative study of the propositional intuitionistic (non-modal) and classical modal languages interpreted in the standard way on transitive frames. It shows that, when talking about these frames rather than conventional quasi-orders, the intuitionistic language displays some unusual features: its expressive power becomes weaker than that of the modal language, the induced cons...

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): are we speaking different languages?

Speaking Louder than Words with Pictures Across Languages

10,000 words on a single picture, and a similar Japanese proverb devalues this to only 100 words. In most languages the current consensus seems to be that a picture is worth 1000 words. Whatever the true worth in words a good picture is capable of conveying (sometimes quite complex) meaning clearly and without the need for language. Show a picture of an elephant to speakers of two different lan...

Bilingual Episodic Memory: How Speaking Two Languages Influences Remembering

In this chapter, we consider how bilingualism affects memory for events from one’s personal past, such as a person’s first day of school many years prior or a conversation held just a few hours ago. We first review studies indicating that the language a bilingual is using at retrieval improves access to experiences that were encoded when that same language was being used. Next, we discuss resea...